English UsageComparison guide

Be Surprised To Do vs. Surprised At Something

Cambridge directly records surprised + to-infinitive and surprised at + noun/event. The title avoids claiming a gerund-specific pattern that was not directly established.

Quick answer

Use “surprised to do/find/learn…” when surprise is expressed through an infinitive construction. Use “surprised at something” when the complement names the event, fact, or object causing surprise.

Key details

Confusion Familyverb-complement
Rule Familyverb-complementation
Termssurprised to do, surprised at something

Further guidance

Core difference

Cambridge documents surprised + to-infinitive and surprised at + noun/event as standard patterns.

Style Boundary

Do not turn the documented surprised-at noun pattern into an unsupported general surprised-at-doing rule.

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Surprised (opens in a new tab)Cambridge University Press · Direct learner-dictionary evidence for surprised at + noun/event and surprised + to-infinitive.

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