Writing & StyleStyle guide

Plus-Minus Sign (±) in Professional Writing

The plus-minus sign is a dedicated character rather than a decorative pairing of plus and minus marks. Unicode identifies it as U+00B1 PLUS-MINUS SIGN. Its exact mathematical or technical interpretation depends on the field, so professional copy should preserve the notation required by the source or governing standard.

Quick answer

Use the true plus-minus character “±” when the notation calls for plus-or-minus; do not replace it casually with unrelated punctuation.

Key details

Core IssueThe plus-minus sign is the distinct Unicode character U+00B1 ±; use it only where the notation genuinely means plus-or-minus according to the technical or mathematical context.
Phrase Roleprofessional-writing and typography guidance
Registerprofessional, technical, and editorial writing

Important caveats

Technical Boundary

Do not infer a specific statistical or measurement interpretation from the symbol alone; the surrounding field and source define what ± represents.

Usage Boundary

Use ± only where the notation actually means plus-or-minus in the relevant mathematical, scientific, or technical context.

Further guidance

Character Identity

Unicode identifies ± as U+00B1 PLUS-MINUS SIGN.

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Latin-1 Supplement — Unicode Names List (opens in a new tab)Unicode Consortium · Unicode character identities for degree sign, plus-minus sign, and multiplication sign

Related guides

Writing & Style

Bullet Character (•) in Professional Writing

The bullet “•” is a dedicated Unicode punctuation character used in many list and separator layouts. Its visual role is typographic: list structure, indentation, spacing, and accessibility should be handled consistently by the document or interface rather than by substituting arbitrary lookalike symbols.

Writing & Style

Nonbreaking Space in Professional Writing

A nonbreaking space behaves like a space while preventing a line break at that position. In professional documents it can keep selected words or short units together, but it should not be used as a manual layout or indentation tool.

Explore the topic