English UsageComparison guide

Sign-off vs. Sign Off

“Sign-off” is the noun for an ending or approval/authorization, while “sign off” is the phrasal verb. Collins also records closed “signoff” as an American noun variant, so the guide preserves that variant rather than treating it as universally wrong.

Quick answer

Use “sign-off” as the noun for an act of ending, approval, or authorization; Collins also records “signoff” as an American noun variant. Use “sign off” as the phrasal verb.

Key details

Confusion Familyword-boundary
Noun Variant ScopeCollins records the noun “sign-off” and an American “signoff” variant; Cambridge records the verb “sign off.”
Rule Familyorthographic-boundary
Termssign-off, signoff, sign off

Choose the right form

Decision table for Sign-off vs. Sign Off
If you mean / needUseWhy
an approval, authorization, or act of signing off as a nounsign-off / signoffCollins records hyphenated sign-off and also an American closed variant.
the action of ending, approving, or stopping work/communicationsign offCambridge records the phrasal verb as two words.

Further guidance

Core difference

Use the documented noun/adjective form for the thing, result, event, or modifier; use the spaced form when the expression functions as a verb or predicate.

Fast Test

Ask what job the expression is doing in the sentence. A noun/adjective form may be closed or hyphenated by dictionary convention; a verb or predicate normally keeps the words separate.

Variant Boundary

Collins records the noun “sign-off” and an American “signoff” variant; Cambridge records the verb “sign off.”

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Sign off — Collins English Dictionary (opens in a new tab)Collins English Dictionary · Hyphenated noun “sign-off” and its approval/ending senses
  2. Sign off — Cambridge Dictionary (opens in a new tab)Cambridge Dictionary · Two-word phrasal verb “sign off” for ending communication/work and formal approval in “sign off on”

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