Writing & StyleStyle guide

Sample Size Section

STROBE asks observational-study reports to explain how the study size was arrived at, supporting transparent reporting of the reasoning behind the number of participants, cases, records, or other units studied. This is not the same as a Sampling section, which primarily explains how units were selected or recruited. Required calculations and terminology vary by design; do not invent a power analysis when none was used.

Quick answer

A Sample Size section explains how the study size was determined or justified and gives readers the reasoning needed to interpret that choice.

Key details

Core IssueSTROBE asks observational-study reports to explain how the study size was arrived at, supporting transparent reporting of the reasoning behind the number of participants, cases, records, or other units studied.
Registerscholarly, professional, or research/report writing

Important caveats

Scope Boundary

This is not the same as a Sampling section, which primarily explains how units were selected or recruited. Required calculations and terminology vary by design; do not invent a power analysis when none was used.

Further guidance

Content

State the target or achieved study size as appropriate and explain the design, precision, power, feasibility, convention, available population, or other rationale actually used to arrive at it.

Purpose

A Sample Size section explains how the study size was determined or justified and gives readers the reasoning needed to interpret that choice.

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and Elaboration (opens in a new tab)PLOS Medicine / STROBE Initiative · Primary reporting-guideline evidence for observational-study setting, study size, bias, participant flow, and statistical handling including missing data and confounding.

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