Writing & StyleStyle guide

Participant Recruitment Section

Methods guidance from the University of Northern Iowa and CONSORT reporting guidance both treat recruitment as reportable study procedure rather than merely a label for the final sample. Required recruitment detail varies by study design, discipline, ethics review, and reporting guideline; do not present one template as universal.

Quick answer

A Participant Recruitment section explains how potential participants were identified, approached, invited, and enrolled.

Key details

Core IssueMethods guidance from the University of Northern Iowa and CONSORT reporting guidance both treat recruitment as reportable study procedure rather than merely a label for the final sample.
Registerscholarly, professional, or research/report writing

Important caveats

Scope Boundary

Required recruitment detail varies by study design, discipline, ethics review, and reporting guideline; do not present one template as universal.

Further guidance

Content

Keep the sampling strategy conceptually separate: sampling explains how cases are selected or targeted, while recruitment explains the operational process of reaching and enrolling participants.

Purpose

Describe the recruitment setting or channels, how people were approached, relevant timing, and the practical enrollment process at the level needed to understand how the sample was obtained.

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Chapter Four: Quantitative Methods — Part 3, Making Sense of Your Study (opens in a new tab)University of Northern Iowa · University methods guidance supporting clear reporting of study design, recruitment, operationalized variables, instruments, and reliability/validity
  2. CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomised trials (opens in a new tab)The BMJ / CONSORT · CONSORT 2025 reporting guidance for participant eligibility criteria and recruitment information in randomized trials

Explore the topic