Writing & StyleStyle guide

Midnight vs. Noon Formatting

Noon and midnight are clearer than 12 AM/12 PM because readers can interpret the numeric labels inconsistently. Microsoft and Australian Government style guidance recommend using the words, and Microsoft notes that midnight begins the new day.

Quick answer

For clarity, write “noon” (or “midday”) and “midnight” instead of relying on 12 AM and 12 PM. When midnight is tied to a date or deadline, make the day boundary explicit.

Key details

Core Issueavoiding ambiguity at the two 12 o’clock boundaries
Midnight BoundaryMicrosoft explicitly treats midnight as the beginning of the new day
Preferred Wordsboth Microsoft and Australian Government guidance recommend words such as noon/midday and midnight instead of ambiguous 12 AM/PM labels

Important caveats

Date Boundary

When a deadline is at midnight, include enough date context to make the intended boundary clear.

Further guidance

Clarity Rule

Prefer the words “noon”/“midday” and “midnight” when clarity matters instead of relying on 12 AM or 12 PM.

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Date and time terms — Microsoft Style Guide (opens in a new tab)Microsoft · Microsoft house style for AM/PM and human-facing time notation
  2. Dates and time — Australian Government Style Manual (opens in a new tab)Australian Government Style Manual · Australian Government guidance for day–month–year dates, ordinal dates, decades, centuries, time zones, and en-dash spacing in date/time spans

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