Writing & StyleStyle guide

Figure Captions

Figure captions are visible text that briefly describes or contextualizes an image. They are distinct from titles/figure numbers and from alt text, even though the elements should work together without unnecessary repetition.

Quick answer

Use a concise visible caption to describe or contextualize a figure when it helps readers connect the image to the surrounding content; do not make the caption do the job of alt text or a figure title.

Key details

Core Issuewriting a brief caption that helps users relate a figure or image to the surrounding content
Registerreports, long-form documents, and digital content

Important caveats

Accessibility Boundary

Keep caption and alt text roles distinct: a visible caption can support context, while alt text provides the image information needed by users who cannot access it visually.

Structure Boundary

Associate the caption with the figure using the platform’s semantic or document feature where available; in HTML, the Style Manual example uses figcaption.

Further guidance

Purpose

Use a caption for a brief description, commentary, attribution, or other context that helps readers understand the figure in relation to the text.

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Alt text, captions and titles for images (opens in a new tab)Australian Government Style Manual · Distinct purposes of image/figure titles, captions and alt text; figure numbering in long-form content; caption/alt accessibility boundaries

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