Writing & StyleStyle guide

Discussion Section

George Mason University’s IMRaD guidance describes Discussion as the place to interpret findings, compare them with prior research, and explain what the results mean. Results, Discussion, and Conclusion may be separate or combined depending on discipline, journal, and study design.

Quick answer

A Discussion section interprets the most important findings, relates them to the research questions and prior work, and explains their implications and limitations.

Key details

Core IssueGeorge Mason University’s IMRaD guidance describes Discussion as the place to interpret findings, compare them with prior research, and explain what the results mean.
Registerscholarly, professional, or research/report writing

Important caveats

Scope Boundary

Results, Discussion, and Conclusion may be separate or combined depending on discipline, journal, and study design.

Further guidance

Content

Explain what the results mean and why they matter rather than simply repeating the Results section.

Purpose

Prioritize the most important findings, explain plausible interpretations, connect them to earlier research, and address limitations or future directions when appropriate.

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Scientific (IMRaD) Research Reports — Results and Discussion Sections (opens in a new tab)George Mason University Writing Center · University writing-center guidance separating reporting findings in Results from interpreting findings in Discussion, with organization varying by discipline and journal

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