Writing & StyleStyle guide

Conclusion Section

George Mason University notes that IMRaD conclusions may be separate in some disciplines and journals but folded into Discussion in others, with common moves including restating aims and summarizing findings. A separate Conclusion is not universal; many IMRaD papers place conclusion moves inside Discussion, so section placement must follow disciplinary and venue conventions.

Quick answer

A research Conclusion section closes the study by restating its aims or central problem, synthesizing the main findings, and clarifying significance or future directions without introducing unsupported new evidence.

Key details

Core IssueGeorge Mason University notes that IMRaD conclusions may be separate in some disciplines and journals but folded into Discussion in others, with common moves including restating aims and summarizing findings.
Registerscholarly, professional, or research/report writing

Important caveats

Scope Boundary

A separate Conclusion is not universal; many IMRaD papers place conclusion moves inside Discussion, so section placement must follow disciplinary and venue conventions.

Further guidance

Content

Give readers a concise closing synthesis of what the study established and why it matters.

Purpose

Synthesize the main findings and significance, and add implications, limitations, or future directions only as appropriate to the genre and evidence.

Sources and evidence

Sources are shown with the role they play in this guide. Historical or style-sensitive claims are kept within the evidence boundary described above.

  1. Scientific (IMRaD) Research Reports — Conclusion Section (opens in a new tab)George Mason University Writing Center · University writing-center guidance on common conclusion moves and the fact that conclusion may be separate or incorporated into Discussion depending on discipline/journal

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